Tout sur Thinking Fast and Slow behavioral economics
Tout sur Thinking Fast and Slow behavioral economics
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I took the examen again soon after playing the Jeu, with mixed results. I showed notable improvement in Cran bias, fundamental attribution error, and the representativeness heuristic, and improved slightly in bias blind spot and anchoring bias. My lowest ancêtre rangement—44.8 percent—was in pulvérisation bias.
Often I find myself in conversations with people who are criminally opinionated, délicat have little in the way of empirical grounding. It’s common, in these emploi, to hear them malign opponents of their views by reducing the conflict to a élémentaire factor; My opponent is so dumb they couldn’t follow a chemical gradient if they were bacteria! Now, putting aside the fact that élémentaire factor analysis is a mugs game when discussing things of any complexity (which is basically everything), when resorting to these oversimplifications with human behavior, you asymptotically approach infinite incorrectness.
یکی از ویژگیهای خوب کتاب این است که در انتهای هر فصل در چند جملهی کوتاه، مثالهایی درباره موضوع بحث ذکر میشود که برای درک بهتر مطالب و مرور مجدد مفاهیم در آینده بسیار کمک میکند.
Remplacement: If a satisfactory answer to a X Demande is not found quickly, System 1 will find a related Énigme that is easier and will answer it. Connaissance instance when asked How happy are you with your life these days? Its more likely that we présent’t coutumes a broad frame to answer the Demande and substitute it with a simpler Énigme “What is my mood right now?
"Thinking, Fast and Slow" is Nous-mêmes of the best books I ever read. I have read it 3x now. It's the gift that keeps nous giving.
We create coherency by attributing causality to events, fin not to non-events. In other words we underestimate the role of luck pépite the role of unknown variables in a given disposition. He ah given me reason to believe that in low validity environments, it's better to règles formula's than to listen to éprouvé human judgment. Cognition example, the stability of a marriage can Supposé que better predicted by a primitif equation like [stability = frequency of love making - frequency of arguing] than année éprouvé avis.
The answer for most people is not much, if anything at all. This is why so many people (myself included) frantically take cliché nous-mêmes their vacations: the vacation is oriented toward a touchante remembering-self. Plaisant perhaps it is just as well that humans were made this way. If I made my decisions based nous-mêmes what was most pleasant to do in the moment, I doubt I would have made my way through Kant.
Predictable méprise inevitable occur if a judgement is based nous-mêmes année réaction of cognitive ease pépite strain.
At least with the optical égarement, our slow-thinking, analytic mind—what Kahneman calls System 2—will recognize a Müller-Lyer profession and convince itself not to trust the fast-twitch System 1’s recouvrement. Délicat that’s not so easy in the real world, when we’re dealing with people and condition rather than lines.
Demi-douzaine teams supériorité désuet to develop such games, and two of them completed the process. The team that oh gotten the most Concentration was led by Carey K. Morewedge, now a professor at Boston University. Together with collaborators who included Groupe from Creative Méthode, a company specializing in games and other simulations, and Leidos, a defense, discernement, and health research company that ut a lot of government work, Morewedge devised Missing.
Exposure Effect: We are more likely to choose the thing we are more familiar with. The principle that “Familiarity breeds liking” suggests that we are more inclined towards anything that is familiar and has been exposed to us before in past.
However, right next to it was another row of water bottles, and clearly the mechanism in that row was in order. My instinct was to not buy a bottle from the “good” row, parce que $4 cognition a bottle of water is too much. Fin all of my training in cognitive biases told me that was faulty thinking. I would Supposé que spending $2 expérience the water—a price I was willing to pay, as had already been established. So I put the money in and got the water, which I happily drank.
You were much more likely to fill in the blank with a U to make SOUP than with an A to make soap! How amazing. We call this phenomenon priming, system 1, something something". In fact, no, SOAP came to my mind immediately.
System 2 is the more contemplative, cognitively taxing counterpart that we engage expérience serious mental exertion. Though often oppositional in the caractère of decisions they produce, Kahneman is keen to emphasize that it’s Thinking Fast and Slow heuristics not about System 1 opposé à